Strabismus is a congenital strabismus and an acquired strabismus. Strabismus is not just a cosmetic problem for children, it directly affects their visual development and if left untreated can lead not only to amblyopia but also to the eventual loss of binocular vision. Children with strabismus cannot see the same target with both eyes at the same time, which medically means that they do not have binocular vision and stereopsis. A child’s binocular vision generally develops by age 5. If a child with strabismus cannot see the same target with both eyes at the same time, there is no way to talk about the development of binocular vision. If strabismus is not corrected in time, the child’s binocular vision cannot be developed normally, and some children may grow up with less obvious strabismus, but this is at the cost of the child’s loss of binocular vision. Even if the strabismus is solved through surgery, it is only a cosmetic effect and still cannot restore binocular vision and cannot perform fine work such as detecting, driving, drawing and medical treatment, which will cause serious consequences to the future working life. Therefore, strabismus in children should be treated as soon as it is detected. Most strabismus must be corrected surgically, except for a small percentage of adjusted internal strabismus, which can be corrected with glasses. Congenital strabismus should be operated around two years of age. Strabismus with ocular strabismus (i.e. crooked neck), mostly paralytic strabismus, should be operated as early as possible in order to avoid abnormal development of the child’s neck, jaw and face. Children with intermittent exotropia should be operated promptly when the symptoms of strabismus appear more frequently and the visual function tests of both eyes become progressively worse. Most strabismus should be operated before school age after the amblyopia is cured or the vision of both eyes is balanced. After the surgery, we will train the network visual function according to the child’s different conditions, with the aim of promoting the recovery and improvement of binocular visual function.