Black sputum may be caused by inhaling too much dust or coughing up blood, if the patient coughs up black sputum due to inhaling too much dust, avoiding contact with dust is sufficient. If the patient is coughing up blood and has black sputum, further relevant examinations, including lung CT, are needed to clarify the diagnosis. Diseases that can cause coughing up blood include tuberculosis, lung tumors, bronchiectasis, etc. Patients with tuberculosis need anti-tuberculosis treatment, and patients with lung tumors can consider surgery, or radiotherapy, chemotherapy, target cell drug therapy, immunotherapy, etc. For coughing up blood caused by bronchiectasis, comprehensive treatment such as anti-infection, expectoration and asthma can be taken when the amount is small. If the amount of coughing blood is large, you can use drugs to stop bleeding.