Etiology 1. Migraine is a recurrent migraine or bilateral headache caused by neurovascular dysfunction. It often develops between the ages of 10 and 30, with more women than men, and about 40% of cases have a family history. 2.The process of migraine attack is firstly due to the constriction of the internal carotid artery and the aura; followed by the expansion of the extracranial artery and the headache. 3.Migraine is also related to diet, psychological factors and climate change. Symptoms 1.Typical migraine: more common, with obvious aura period, such as hemianopia, amblyopia, abnormal sensation, aphasia, etc. It lasts for several minutes to half an hour, then starts to have severe headache on one side, mainly frontal, temporal and orbital, and transient visual field defects are seen during the attack, other examinations are not abnormal. 2.General migraine: the most common. It is paroxysmal frontotemporal throbbing headache on one side, accompanied by photophobia and fear of sound, lasting from 2 to 3 hours to 2 days, often with nausea and vomiting and other gastrointestinal symptoms. There are no other signs except for the dilatation and pulsation enhancement of the temporal artery on the affected side during the attack. 3.Special migraine: In addition to headache, it is accompanied by some special manifestations before and after or during the attack, such as oculomotor paralysis, tinnitus, hemiparesis, aphasia, abnormal sensation, mental disorder, etc. Examination and diagnosis 1.Long-term recurrent headache with family history. 2.Usually no abnormal neurological signs except for a few special types. 3.Differential diagnosis: It should be differentiated from common neurovascular headache, intracranial hemangioma, trigeminal neuralgia, intracranial occupying lesions, etc. The first choice for patients with headache should be to actively improve relevant examinations to exclude intracranial organic lesions. Prevention and management 1. Avoid emotional tension, maintain a happy mood, prevent overwork, and ensure sufficient sleep. 2.Don’t be too hungry or too full, and don’t drink alcohol or consume high-fat food. 3. Keep quiet and rest in bed during seizures.