The bump and pain at the elbow joint can be categorized into traumatic and non-traumatic, which can be treated conservatively first. Fractures and dislocations require surgery if conservatism is ineffective, and infections require anti-infective treatment. Traumatic bumps and pain are mostly caused by trauma to the elbow joint fracture bump, elbow dislocation or simple soft tissue swelling. For fractures involving the joint, surgery is required. Dislocation of the elbow can be treated with surgical repositioning, which may be required if repositioning fails. For simple soft tissue swelling, cold compresses can be applied intermittently, followed by hot compresses after 72 hours, and oral medication to reduce swelling and pain. Non-traumatic bulge and pain, mostly refers to local degenerative changes caused by local aseptic inflammation, tissue fluid exudation caused by swelling, can be performed local physical therapy, such as short-wave, baking lamp, massage and other treatments. It can also be caused by bacterial infection and septic inflammation at the elbow joint. Antibiotics, oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and restriction of elbow movement are required. The above treatment options need to be chosen in an appropriate manner according to the doctor’s instructions, and should not be self-medicated.