Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for coronary artery disease is a type of cardiac catheterization technique that involves percutaneous puncture of the peripheral artery (femoral artery or radial artery, etc.) and delivery of interventional devices such as balloon catheters and/or stents along the artery toward the heart to the target site of the coronary artery to dilate and unblock the stenotic lesion. Over the past 30 years, especially in the past 10 years, coronary intervention has become very mature and safety has been significantly improved. It has now become a treatment tool alongside drug therapy and surgical coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), and is regarded as one of the most important contributions to medical development in the 20th century. With the continuous improvement of interventional devices and the increasing maturity of technology, the success rate of coronary intervention is increasing, complications are significantly reduced, and the indications for PCI are expanding, and the current scope includes unstable angina; acute myocardial infarction; multi-branch lesions; left ventricular hypoperfusion or with pulmonary edema, cardiogenic shock. It is popular among patients with coronary heart disease because it is less invasive, less painful, faster recovery, and significantly better than drug therapy. Currently, the most common and basic interventions for coronary artery disease include: (1) percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), which involves inserting a catheter into the vessel through the punctured skin, using a specially designed balloon catheter to reach the narrowed coronary artery, and opening the stenosis by expanding the balloon under pressure; (2) intracoronary stenting, which involves implanting a stent in the stenosis on the basis of balloon expansion by PTCA Currently, stent implantation is required in 80% to 90% of lesions. In conclusion, interventional treatment is reliable, rapid, and straightforward, with significantly fewer risks than bypass surgery, and a general return to normal life can be achieved 2 to 4 d after surgery. Therefore, among the three main treatments for coronary artery disease in Western developed countries, the proportion of patients currently receiving interventional therapy is the first.