Currently, sclerotherapy is mostly used for the treatment of Ⅰ-Ⅱ degree rectal prolapse. The therapy is to inject sclerotherapy into the submucosa of the rectum, the pelvic rectal space and the posterior rectal space to produce a sterile inflammatory response, so that the rectal mucosa and the muscle layer, the rectum and the surrounding tissue adhesions are fixed. Children and patients with first-degree rectal prolapse have better results, and patients who cannot tolerate surgery or do not want to undergo surgery can still be treated. The disadvantage is that the injection of drugs and operation techniques require high recurrence rate, some data show that up to 45%, and it is difficult to deal with combined infections. Transabdominal rectal suspension and fixation, the procedure is now more mature, and the efficacy of fecal incontinence is positive, the recurrence rate is low, generally less than 5%, depending mainly on the surgical approach and technology. Currently, the following are commonly used: (1) transabdominal anterior rectal suspension and fixation (Ripstein); (2) transabdominal posterior rectal suspension and fixation (Wells); (3) rectal suture suspension. Rectal prolapse is due to loosening of the rectal support tissue leading to intussusception. The procedure is performed by surrounding the rectum with a mesh band or other material and fixing it to the anterior or posterior pelvic wall, thus straightening and fixing the rectum and preventing it from receiving vertical abdominal pressure. Complications include constipation and even obstruction, rectal stenosis, poor fixation of the suspensory band, and intraoperative injury to the anterior sacral plexus. The most serious complications are pelvic septic infection, intestinal stricture, presacral hemorrhage, and impotence. Transabdominal proctocolectomy, surgical removal of the overgrown sigmoid colon and upper rectum, and anterior sacral placement of drainage to promote fibrosis and scar formation, thus fixing the rectum, can improve the symptoms of constipation. goldberg surgery uses anterior rectal resection with rectal fixation, and this procedure has been clinically proven to have significant effects on improving symptoms of chronic constipation. The main complications are large trauma, anastomotic fistula and intestinal obstruction. Transperineal rectosigmoidectomy (Altemeier) is a one-stage perineal resection and anastomosis of the prolapsed lengthy intestine, which can repair the sliding hernia and anal levator at the same time. It is less invasive than transabdominal surgery, with fewer complications, shorter hospital stay, no risk of anastomotic fistula and pelvic abscess due to suspension of supporting materials, and no genitourinary problems associated with transabdominal surgery, but the long-term results are poor and the recurrence rate is high, about 5% to 20%. It is mainly indicated for bedridden or debilitated patients with long prolapsed bowel segments who are not suitable for transabdominal surgery. Laparoscopic rectal fixation, laparoscopic rectal fixation was first proposed in 1992, but it has not been widely used because of the short time to carry out, the long operation time, and the effect of the operation is greatly affected by the operator’s technical level. Rectal mucosal columnar suture plus anal tightening surgical principle: (1) Rectal mucosal columnar suture forms columnar framework support in the rectum, inflammatory changes in the rectal mucosa at the ligature, partial necrosis and detachment, formation of dotted scar adhesions, and relative fixation of the rectal mucosa and submucosal muscle layer. (2) The Douglas depression becomes shallow, and at the same time the rectal mucosa becomes shortened and the intestinal cavity narrows. After the shortening of the rectal mucosa, the rectum cannot be prolapsed by intestinal overturning, thus achieving the purpose of treating rectal prolapse. (3) Anal tightening, so that the postoperative anal loop aseptic inflammatory stenosis is tightened to achieve the purpose of treating anal laxity. The advantages of rectal mucosal columnar suture plus anal tightening surgery: (1) Less trauma, simpler surgery, clearer vision, avoiding the pain of open surgery, shortening the hospital stay, and less impact on the patient’s general condition. (2) Low postoperative complications and sequelae, low recurrence rate, only 0.7% in this group. (3) Because the three sets of sutures were parallel and more normal rectal mucosa was preserved between them, no rectal stricture appeared after surgery.