Most brainstem gliomas are difficult to fully cure, but a small percentage of low-grade gliomas can be cured. Brainstem gliomas are malignant tumors that are associated with genetic factors, viral infections, and exposure to harmful substances. Most of the brainstem gliomas are difficult to be cured because the disease is prone to recurrence and progresses rapidly, but active treatment can control the disease and improve the discomfort caused by the disease. However, for a small number of patients with low-grade gliomas, active treatment is able to cure them. Clinical treatment for brainstem glioma mainly adopts comprehensive treatment, including surgery, radiotherapy, gene-targeted therapy, immunotherapy and so on. During the treatment period, patients’ vital signs need to be closely monitored, and patients also need to keep the airway open and the bowels unobstructed. If patients are not actively treated, it is easy to cause complications such as hydrocephalus, and even life-threatening. It is suggested that patients with brainstem glioma should adjust their mentality, actively cooperate with doctors for treatment, and also pay attention to regular medical checkups. They should also pay attention to the rationality of diet and ensure sufficient rest time.