AIDS, abbreviated as AIDS, is a sexually transmitted disease with widespread transmission, high lethality, rapid mutagenicity, and ongoing damage to the immune system.
AIDS has two types of viruses: HIV-1 and HIV-2, with HIV-1 being globally prevalent and HIV-2 being confined to a few countries in Africa, especially in West Africa. HIV-1 has a stronger ability to spread than HIV-2, has a shorter incubation period for infection, and the average life expectancy of an infected person is shorter than that of an HIV-2 infected person.
HIV is present in the body fluids of HIV-infected patients, including blood, semen, breast milk, vaginal and cervical secretions, amniotic fluid, tears, and saliva, and HIV may be transmitted by direct contact with these body fluids. So far there have been no exact reports of HIV transmission from tears and saliva, it may be that the HIV load in these body fluids is very low and the normal immune function of the body HIV infection and transmission.
Clinical manifestations Incubation period: from HIV infection to the development of AIDS, without drug treatment, it usually takes 1-10 years, an average of 7-8 years, if early antiviral treatment, this period can be significantly extended, even lifelong HIV carriers, not to develop into obvious AIDS. Clinical stages: acute infection, asymptomatic infection, pre-AIDS, AID stage. It is important to emphasize that the time from infection to seropositive turn is the window period, which is usually 4-8 weeks, and very rarely up to 6 months. Clinical symptoms in children differ from those in adults, and without effective treatment, 20% develop AIDS within 1 year and 28% die within 5 years.
Clinical manifestations: HIV can cause multi-system lesions, including skin and mucous membrane, nervous system, respiratory system, digestive system, endocrine system, hematological system and related syndromes.