Thyroid disorders include abnormal thyroid function (e.g., hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism), abnormal thyroxine metabolism (e.g., diffuse goiter, nodular goiter), thyroiditis (e.g., subacute thyroiditis, chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis), thyroid tumors (e.g., thyroid adenoma, thyroid cancer), and many other disorders. A large proportion of these diseases require surgical treatment. Starting from today, I will continuously publish some contents about surgical treatment of thyroid diseases in the hope that patients and family members of thyroid diseases can learn more about thyroid diseases in order to eliminate their fears and seek proper medical treatment.
Diagnosis and treatment of simple goiter
Etiology.
Environmental iodine deficiency is the main factor causing goiter simplex. In addition, certain foods and medications can cause disorders in one part of the thyroxine synthesis and secretion process.
1. Deficiency of thyroxine raw material (iodine);
2.Increased thyroxine requirement;
3. Disorders of thyroxine synthesis and secretion.
Symptoms.
1, thickening of the neck (enlargement of the thyroid gland to varying degrees);
2. symptoms caused by pressure on the surrounding organs, such as a sensation of swallowing and choking, breathlessness, and dryness in the throat.
3. May be secondary to hyperthyroidism and malignant changes.
Examination.
B ultrasound, radionuclide imaging, nail function, etc.
Treatment.
1. for physiological goiter, it is advisable to eat more iodine-rich foods such as kelp, nori, etc.
2. small amounts of goitre may be given to patients under 20 years of age with diffuse simple goitre.
3. Major thyroidectomy should be considered for treatment in the following cases
(1) Those with clinical symptoms caused by compression of the trachea, esophagus, or the recurrent laryngeal nerve;
(2) retrosternal goiter;
(3) Giant goiter affecting life and work;
(4) Nodular thyroid secondary to hyperfunction;
(5) Nodular goiter with suspected malignant change.