What are the symptoms of jaundice?

  Jaundice is usually seen in newborns with physiological jaundice, as well as in patients with excessive bilirubin production and impaired hepatic bilirubin metabolism. The symptoms of jaundice are basically the same for different ages and different conditions, but the clinical manifestations are mild or severe.  Patients with jaundice first present with a yellowish tinge to the skin of the face and trunk, with some patients having brighter, brighter yellow skin and others having duller, darker yellow skin. The second symptom in patients with jaundice is yellowing of the sclera and, when symptoms worsen, the urine may also appear yellow. Newborns also have physiological jaundice, which appears 2 to 3 days after birth, peaks at 4 to 6 days, and gradually subsides in a week or so, with no other clinical symptoms and only a slight loss of appetite.  If the jaundice does not subside or continues to worsen after more than two weeks in children and four weeks in newborns, it should be considered pathologic jaundice. Pathological jaundice in children is caused by excessive bilirubin production or impaired hepatic bilirubin metabolism and usually lasts longer than two weeks or a month. The jaundice is large and can include yellow staining of the extremities as well as the hands and feet in addition to the face and trunk.  Jaundice is very common clinically and can be treated well with aggressive treatment for both adult and neonatal jaundice.