Currently, the cure rate of leukemia transplantation is about 50%-60%, but it may vary greatly depending on the disease typing, treatment plan, rejection, condition, age, as well as their own individual differences. 1. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is one of the effective ways to obtain cure for leukemia, but transplantation ≠ cure, and there is a possibility of relapse after transplantation. For most patients, bone marrow transplantation is the last resort and hope of treatment, and only a small portion of patients can be completely cured through bone marrow transplantation. 2. The risk of transplantation is very high, not all patients are suitable for bone marrow transplantation, and not all leukemia can be cured by bone marrow transplantation. 3. Some children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia can recover with conventional chemotherapy, and the overall cure rate of acute promyelocytic leukemia after multi-drug combination chemotherapy has exceeded 90%. 4. In the era of molecular targeted therapy, chronic leukemia can be functionally cured by targeted drug therapy, and it is considered as a controllable and curable chronic disease. 5. Bone marrow transplantation is expensive, difficult to match, high risk, poor accessibility, may affect fertility, and has the risk of secondary other tumors. Bone marrow transplantation is extremely risky and needs to be treated sensibly and chosen carefully.