Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disease characterized by degenerative joint cartilage and secondary osteophytes, and is characterized by progressive degeneration and loss of joint cartilage, reactive changes in joint edges and subchondral bone. Some patients have pain at rest or in the morning, which is relieved after a little activity, called “rest pain”; secondly, the joint movement is not convenient, mostly involving the knee and hip joints, with joint swelling or swelling in the area of the lateral collateral ligament stops, pressure pain, knee flexion in severe cases, internal and external knee deformity and muscle atrophy. In severe cases, there are knee flexion, internal and external knee deformity and muscle atrophy. Thirdly, the X-ray film shows the formation of bone redundancy at the edge of the joint, narrowing of the joint space, subchondral bone sclerosis and joint deformity, which is the most common cause of joint pain and loss of function in middle-aged and elderly people. Epidemiological surveys show that the prevalence of OA in people over 55 years of age is as high as 67% in women and 55% in men, and with the extension of human life and the arrival of an aging society, the incidence of OA is gradually increasing. Conservative estimates, China’s different degrees of OA patients at least 30 million, as OA is one of the important causes of disability, which is bound to bring more and more patients a heavy pain, but also to more and more families and society to bring a huge economic burden. At present, in order to solve the OA patients’ joint pain symptoms and improve their joint function and quality of life, the surgical treatment plan for early OA mainly focuses on the causes of OA, the treatment plan for middle OA mainly uses arthroscopic techniques to perform joint cavity cleaning, and the treatment plan for late OA mainly involves joint replacement. Knee arthroplasty: With the progress of OA, the joint surface of the knee is increasingly serious damage, total knee arthroplasty has become the best treatment plan for patients with knee OA in today’s society. 1974, from Insall et al. performed the first case of total knee arthroplasty to date, after years of development, knee replacement technology has become increasingly mature, and its clinical results have achieved the majority of patient satisfaction. In 1993, Siguier and colleagues began to perform total hip arthroplasty in 1037 patients using a small anterolateral incision, and in 1994, Rormanowski and colleagues performed unicondylar knee arthroplasty using a small incision. With the success of minimally invasive unicondylar arthroplasty, a new chapter in the development of minimally invasive total knee arthroplasty was opened. Hip arthroplasty: Since Charnley laid the foundation of modern total hip replacement in 1963, after decades of development, total hip arthroplasty has become the best treatment for advanced OA, femoral neck fractures and other diseases. In the past two decades, with the improvement of prosthesis design, joint bearing surface, medical technology, advancement of material science and application of computer technology in orthopedic field, minimally invasive artificial hip replacement technology has emerged based on the pursuit of smaller surgical trauma and faster postoperative recovery. On the premise of ensuring the existing long-term efficacy, without cutting off muscles and tendons, less soft tissue damage and faster postoperative functional recovery, it has become the pursuit direction of today’s hip arthroplasty.