Emphysema is generally divided into 5 stages, each with different clinical manifestations. Emphysema is defined as an abnormal and persistent dilatation of the distal air spaces of the terminal fine bronchioles of the lungs with destruction of alveoli and fine bronchioles without obvious pulmonary fibrosis, and is clinically classified into five stages according to its symptoms in general. 1. Stage I: There may be no obvious symptoms in the early stage. 2. Stage 2: Chronic cough and sputum, often obvious in the morning, paroxysmal cough or sputum at night, and shortness of breath or dyspnea when activities are strenuous. 3. Stage 3: Shortness of breath or dyspnea gradually worsens to the point that it occurs during daily activities or even at rest, and is accompanied by symptoms such as weight loss and loss of appetite. 4. Stage 4: Hypoxia and carbon dioxide retention, such as drowsiness or impaired consciousness, and varying degrees of hypoxemia and hypercapnia on blood gas analysis. 5. Stage 5: the emergence of pulmonary heart disease, chest tightness, cough, cough sputum with blood, telangiectasia, lower limb edema and other symptoms. If the above symptoms occur or if emphysema is diagnosed, it is recommended to go to the hospital in time and standardize the treatment under the doctor’s guidance in order to reduce the adverse effects of the disease.