The main differences between infiltration anesthesia and block anesthesia are as follows: 1. Infiltration anesthesia: local anesthetic is injected into the subcutaneous, mucous membrane and deep tissues of the surgical site to anesthetize the sensory nerve endings or nerve trunks, causing them to lose their sensory and conduction abilities. Commonly used local anesthetics include procaine, lidocaine, bupivacaine and ropivacaine. Because of its superficial effect, it is mainly used for oral and maxillofacial soft tissue surgery, dental and alveolar surgery, etc.; 2. Nerve block anesthesia: It refers to the injection of local anesthetic into the nerve trunk or around the main branches to block the afferent stimulation of the nerve endings, so that the nerve distribution area produces anesthetic effect. This method can anesthetize a wide area, avoid the pain caused by multiple injections, use a small dose of drugs, strong anesthetic effect and long maintenance time. Block anesthesia is currently widely used in clinical practice, and can be used as a stand-alone anesthetic to meet different surgical needs, or in conjunction with general anesthesia to reduce the amount of general anesthetics. Nerve block anesthesia can also be used as a postoperative analgesic method, for example, when performing shoulder arthroscopy, the anesthesiologist will perform a brachial plexus nerve block and inject local anesthetics into the patient’s neck to reduce the use of general anesthetics and enhance the postoperative analgesic effect.