Kuhnian breathing, also known as acidosis profunda, is mainly caused by metabolic acidosis and results in regular, deep and long breaths. It is commonly seen in uremic acidosis and diabetic ketoacidosis, and may also be caused by strenuous exercise, emotional stress, or excessive mental stress. The typical symptom is deep, long, regular heavy breathing with a fast or slow breathing rate, with an increase in the depth and frequency of breathing compared to normal breathing, and deep heavy breathing once every few minutes. In case of diabetes and renal failure, active treatment is needed to prevent acidosis.