Lumbar intervertebral disc herniation is a disease caused by the nucleus pulposus protruding from the nerve root after the rupture of the annulus fibrosus, resulting in lumbar and leg pain as the main manifestation. There is no name for lumbar disc herniation in the Chinese medicine canonical hospital medicine Hesheng Tang Zong. The lumbar intervertebral disc is equivalent to a micro-movement joint, which is composed of hyaline cartilage plate, fibrous ring and nucleus pulposus, distributed among the lumbar vertebrae. The lumbar intervertebral disc degenerative changes or trauma caused by the rupture of the fibrous ring, the nucleus pulposus from the rupture, compression of the lumbar spinal nerve, and the emergence of lumbar leg radiated pain, so the medical profession considered lumbar disc herniation belongs to the category of “lumbar leg pain, paralysis”. The pain is mainly due to the stimulation and compression of the adjacent tissues (mainly the sinus nerve and spinal nerve root) by the herniated and degenerated nucleus pulposus, as well as the overflow of biological substances such as glycoproteins in the nucleus pulposus, the release of histamine and other local chemical inflammation, which causes chemical and mechanical radiculitis, resulting in mild or severe chronic lumbar pain. Moreover, degeneration of the lumbar spine also often occurs simultaneously in other tissues of the lumbar region, such as small intervertebral joints, ligaments, and lumbar muscles, causing local chronic inflammation of these tissues and causing pain. The two factors interact with each other and aggravate each other, making the progressive development of lumbar pain. Clinical manifestations 1. Low back pain: Low back pain is the first symptom of most patients with this disease, with an incidence of about 91%. A few patients have only leg pain without lumbar pain, so that not every patient will definitely have lumbar pain. There are also some patients who have low back pain first and then leg pain after a period of time, while the low back pain reduces or disappears on its own, and when they come to the clinic, they only complain of leg pain. The pain is mostly stabbing pain, often accompanied by numbness and soreness. 2. Lower limb radiating pain: Low back pain is easy to attack after trauma, exertion and cold, each time for about 2 to 3 weeks, and can be gradually relieved. The pain is often relieved when resting in bed during the attack. Those who engage in heavy physical labor, especially those who repeatedly bend over, have a high chance of having low back pain. People who lack exercise and have poor muscle strength in the low back are prone to low back pain even if they occasionally bend over to lift heavy objects or sprain their back. Any factors that increase abdominal pressure, such as coughing, forceful defecation, laughing, sneezing, lifting heavy objects, chronic coughing, etc., are likely to trigger low back pain, or aggravate the already occurring low back pain. 3, lumbar activity is limited: the lumbar flexion and extension activities of the lumbar spine in patients with lumbar disc herniation are closely related to the degree of disc herniation. If the annulus fibrosus is not completely ruptured, the lumbar spine takes a forward-flexed position and is limited in posterior extension. The reason is that when the lumbar spine is flexed forward, the ligamentum flavum between the vertebral plates is tensed, increasing the volume of the spinal canal and the posterior space of the intervertebral space, and the corresponding increase in tension of the posterior longitudinal ligament makes the herniated nucleus pulposus partially return, thus reducing the symptoms of nerve root compression. 4, scoliosis: This is a postural compensatory deformity adopted by patients with lumbar disc herniation to reduce pain. The lumbar vertebrae are bent to the left or right, and the spinous process can be found to be skewed by touching the spinous process in the middle of the back, but this is not a unique sign of lumbar disc herniation, as about 50% of normal people also have a skewed spinous process. 5. claudication: The claudication that occurs in lumbar disc herniation is mostly intermittent, i.e., pain and weakness in the lower extremities after walking a certain distance, and the symptoms can be relieved after bending or squatting to rest and can still continue walking. With the passage of time, the symptoms gradually slowly aggravated, the above symptoms before the standing time or walking distance gradually shortened the shorter the walking distance, the more serious the condition. 6. Sensory numbness: Some patients with lumbar disc herniation do not experience pain in the lower extremities, but only numbness in the extremities, which is mostly caused by the compression of the proprioceptive and tactile fibers of the nerves by the disc tissue. The lateral thigh is a common area of numbness and can have a burning sensation when in contact with clothing and pants, and prolonged standing can aggravate the numbness. The cause of sensory disturbance in the lateral thigh is mostly due to fibular ring bulge or joint degeneration, not due to disc herniation. Second, non-surgical treatment non-surgical therapy is the basic treatment of lumbar disc herniation, about 80% of patients can be relieved and cured by conservative treatment. However, the judgment of conservative therapy also puts forward higher requirements for doctors, not only to fully inquire into the patient’s medical history, carefully examine the body and carefully refer to the relevant auxiliary examinations, but also to have a more comprehensive understanding and mastery of the disease, not only to adopt appropriate therapy, but also to guide the patient to carry out correct rehabilitation exercises, and in addition to understand in detail the patient’s psychological condition, especially for patients with long-term illness or psychological fear. In addition, we should understand the patient’s psychological condition in detail, especially for patients with long-term illness or psychological fears, so that they can put down their ideological burden and actively cooperate with the treatment in order to achieve good treatment results.