Cerebral arteritis is a vasculitis of the central nervous system, also known as cerebral vasculitis. Its onset is generally progressive or fluctuating from acute to chronic, and the neurological signs and symptoms are limited or diffuse, but basically have three main manifestations: first, headache, second, multifocal neurological deficits, and diffuse brain damage symptoms. First, headache is the most common and the first symptom, accounting for about 60%-70% of the symptoms, and it is similar to migraine or severe headache attacks, which can be acute or chronic, with varying degrees of severity, and can also resolve on its own. Second, there is focal damage to the central nervous system. This is also common and includes transient ischemic attacks, stroke, hemiparesis, cerebral neuropathy, epilepsy, ataxia, etc. It manifests as focal or multifocal cerebral infarction with or without hemorrhagic changes. Cerebral hemorrhage is caused by focal necrosis of the arterial wall and inflammatory aneurysm formation, resulting in rupture of the vessel wall, with intracranial hemorrhage being the most common, which can also manifest as hemorrhage in the subarachnoid and subdural spaces. Thirdly, it is a symptom of diffuse brain damage, which can certainly appear as a transient change in consciousness. Altered cognitive function or recurrent episodes of convulsions with loss of consciousness can also occur, as can partial motor convulsions. Some patients can also show progressive mental retardation.