Otorhinolaryngology, head and neck surgery mainly looks at diseases of the ear, nose, throat, larynx, head and neck, including congenital malformations, infections, metamorphosis, trauma, foreign bodies, tumors and some systemic diseases.
1. Congenital malformations: mainly include malformations of the ear, nose, throat, head and neck region caused by genetic and environmental factors, such as malformation of the external ear.
2. Infections: commonly include acute and chronic pharyngitis, acute and chronic rhinitis, etc.. Since the ear, nose, throat and trachea communicate with each other directly or indirectly, when infection occurs, the inflammation can spread to each other.
3. Metamorphic reaction: common example is external ear eczema, allergic rhinitis, sinusitis and so on.
4. Trauma: mostly fractures and cuts of the ear, nose and throat caused by collision, fall and traffic accidents.
5. Foreign bodies: including foreign bodies in the ear, nose, throat, trachea and esophagus. Common example is fishbone stuck in the ear, nose, throat and esophagus.
6. Tumor: including benign and malignant tumors of otorhinolaryngology, nasopharynx and its related head and neck area. Commonly include nasopharyngeal cancer, laryngeal cancer and so on.
7. Partial systemic diseases: mainly the manifestation of systemic diseases in the head and neck of otorhinolaryngology. Commonly include influenza, systemic lupus erythematosus and so on.
If there is any discomfort, it is recommended to consult a doctor in time for diagnosis and treatment.