A sore throat can be caused by infectious diseases, irritation or injury, and medical factors. 1. Infectious diseases: infectious diseases are the main cause of sore throat, common laryngitis, pharyngitis, mumps, tonsillitis, tonsillitis, tonsillar abscess, adenoiditis, herpes pharyngitis, etc., this kind of infectious diseases are involved in the damage to the throat, resulting in the throat to appear strange swelling and pain. 2. Irritation or injury: Swelling and pain in the throat may also be caused by air pollution, smoking, etc., resulting in the throat being irritated by a different kind of irritation. In addition, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) can cause the throat to be irritated by stomach contents, which may also cause swelling and pain in the throat. 3. Medical factors: Some medical operations, such as tracheal intubation, may also cause sore throat. There are many causes of sore throat, and it is generally recommended to seek professional medical help to treat the cause as soon as possible.