Otitis media is an inflammatory lesion involving all or part of the middle ear (including the eustachian tube, tympanic cavity, sinus, and mastoid airspace), and is mostly a nonspecific arrangement of inflammation, especially in children. I. Etiology Respiratory and nasopharyngeal diseases. For example, colds, rhinitis, pharyngitis, etc. The middle ear is connected to the nasal and pharyngeal tubes, so inflammation in the pharynx and nose spreads to the eustachian tube after a cold, causing congestion and swelling of the mucous membrane of the pharyngeal opening and lumen of the eustachian tube, and pathogenic bacteria invade the middle ear and cause otitis media; incorrect methods of blowing the nose can lead to otitis media; swimming and listening to loud decibel music such as rock for a long time can also cause otitis media. The disease classification can be divided into two categories: non-suppurative and suppurative. Non-suppurative: secretory otitis media, pneumatic otitis media Suppurative: acute otitis media, chronic otitis media. Chronic otitis media is usually transformed from acute otitis media and requires timely treatment. Clinical manifestations 1. Acute otitis media: acute purulent inflammation of the mucosa of the middle ear, most commonly infected by the eustachian tube route. Sudden onset of ear pain, often accompanied by a cold or cough, fever, and a body temperature that can reach 39°C. Vomiting may occur, or the ear canal may drain soft earwax or pus, and the affected ear may become deaf. The common pathogenic bacteria are mainly pneumococcus and Haemophilus influenzae, so preventing colds will reduce the chance of developing otitis media. 2. Chronic otitis media: Pus in the affected ear is the main common symptom of this disease can be mucus, mucopurulent or pure purulent. The non-dangerous type of pus is thin and odorless. The dangerous type is thicker, although not much, and is mostly pure pus with a foul odor. Deafness varies in severity and is easily overlooked because it mostly develops in one ear. In addition to the above-mentioned symptoms, if symptoms such as vertigo, vomiting, facial paralysis, severe headache, chills and high fever appear, it proves that complications have already occurred and should be seen by a hospital immediately. 3.Secretory otitis media: Sudden hearing loss may occur after a cold, when descending by airplane or diving, and hearing may improve when pressing the ear screen or changing the head position; ear pain and stuffiness in the ear; low-pitched “booming”-like tinnitus; children may show slow reaction, mishearing or inattentiveness. 4. Pneumatic otitis media: blockage in the ear, tinnitus, ear pain, hearing loss, vertigo, etc. 4. Disease treatment 1. Actively treat focal diseases of the upper respiratory tract such as chronic sinusitis and chronic tonsillitis. 2. Combined medication (remove the cause, control the infection, and rationalize the medication) Medication principle: oral antibiotics + antibiotic ear drops + antipyretic herbs + garlic oil + VC 1. hydrogen peroxide or boric acid solution + levofloxacin ear drops + cephalexin/amoxicillin (additional antibiotics are required for acute purulent otitis media) 2. busulfan anti-inflammatory tablets/inflammatory canine tablets + lomefloxacin ear drops Auxiliary medication: propolis Soft capsule, garlic oil: enhance immunity, anti-inflammatory and sterilization, improve body resistance Vitamin C: enhance immunity, filter out residual drugs in the body, reduce the harm of drugs to the body. V. Precautions 1. Patients with otitis media should pay attention to rest and ensure sufficient sleep time. 2. Pay attention to indoor air circulation and keep the nasal passages clear. 3.You should not blow your nose hard and close both nostrils at the same time, you should cross your nose unilaterally. 4.Let the water in the ear flow out after swimming. Those who suffer from chronic otitis media should not swim. 5. Do not dig your ears too often to avoid infection caused by bacterial invasion. 6.Actively prevent and treat colds and nasopharyngeal diseases. 6. Avoid eating spicy and irritating food. 7. Pay attention to the combination of work and rest to avoid excessive fatigue.