There are usually two types of otitis media: acute and chronic, and there are also many pathological subtypes of otitis media: four types of otitis media: secretory otitis media, purulent otitis media, middle ear cholesteatoma, and special types of otitis media. For secretory otitis media, treatment is usually carried out by medication and surgery. Medications include anti-inflammatory drugs and eustachian tube dilation; surgical procedures such as tympanic tube placement and eustachian tube balloon dilation are usually performed. The purpose of surgery is to restore the air pressure balance inside and outside the tympanic cavity. In the case of purulent otitis media, the perforation is preferred to heal on its own. If purulent otitis media has reached chronic otitis media, it is usually treated with surgery, which has a very high success rate. For middle ear cholesteatoma, the principle of treatment is to remove the cholesteatoma lesion and prevent recurrence. For special types of otitis media, the treatment is based on systemic treatment and also auxiliary local treatment. Special types of otitis media include tuberculous, AIDS-infected, syphilitic, and fungal types.