1, acute and chronic gastritis = dietary impurities or irritants + epigastric pain, bloating, nausea and vomiting 2, gastroesophageal reflux disease = acid reflux + burning sensation behind the sternum + gastroscopy lower esophagus red strip-like erosion zone (heartburn, acid reflux, regurgitation) 3, peptic ulcer disease gastric ulcer = chronic regular epigastric pain (pain after a full meal) + vomiting blood black stool duodenal ulcer = pain when hungry (more than 4 hours after a meal) or night pain + Peptic ulcer perforation = sudden onset of severe abdominal pain (signs of peritonitis) + X-ray diaphragm with free gas 4, esophagogastric varices = upper gastrointestinal bleeding + previous history of liver disease 5, bacterial dysentery = unclean diet + abdominal pain + mucopurulent stool + post-acute 6, ulcerative colitis = left lower abdominal pain + mucopurulent stool + (stool, post-poo relief) + antibiotic ineffective treatment: salazosulfapyridine ( 7, acute pancreatitis (edematous type) = history of overeating / chronic biliary tract disease + persistent epigastric pain + bending pain relief + amylase test Acute pancreatitis (hemorrhagic necrotic type) = edematous type symptoms + lumbar abdomen or purple spots around the umbilicus + laparotomy washings watery fluid + high blood sugar + low blood calcium Hemorrhagic necrotic type: blood and urine amylase values are not always high, but sometimes fall. Confirmation of the diagnosis selected CT within a week to measure blood amylase, more than a week to measure lipase 8, pyloric obstruction = vomiting persistent food + vibration water sound 9, cirrhosis = history of hepatitis + portal hypertension (splenomegaly + ascites + spider nevus) + ultrasound (liver shrinkage) 10, cholecystitis = paroxysmal right upper abdominal colic + positive Murphy’s sign + nausea and vomiting digestive system treatment principles I, general treatment: attention to rest, control diet / fasting, life (1) ulcer: PPI-type acid suppressants are preferred, mucosal protective agents can be added, if there is Helicobacter pylori infection, combined debridement therapy should be performed, commonly used triple therapy or quadruple therapy: PPI, colloidal bismuth combined with two antibiotics (2) application of broad-spectrum antibiotics anti-infective treatment, anti-shock (3) obstruction/peritonitis: fasting, gastrointestinal decompression (4) maintenance of water-electrolyte acid-base balance (3) symptomatic Surgery: resection or repair V. Tumor: 1) surgery 2) radiotherapy + chemotherapy + immunotherapy + Chinese herbal medicine