Coughing rust-colored sputum is one of the most common characteristic manifestations of lobar pneumonia, that is, streptococcus pneumoniae infection. Of course this characteristic presentation has become very rare, but once this sputum is present, it immediately comes to mind as a Streptococcus pneumoniae infection because it typically presents as coughing up rust-colored sputum. In respiratory infections, especially community-acquired pneumonia, Streptococcus pneumoniae is still the predominant infecting organism. That’s why it is advocated that elderly people or people with poor resistance should get vaccinated against Streptococcus pneumoniae. The vaccination is usually given once every five years or so to prevent Streptococcus pneumoniae infection. Because it is the highest in bacterial infectivity, of course, nowadays the infection is often combined with mycoplasma and chlamydia, this is our country’s statistics. Our country is different from foreign countries in that in addition to Streptococcus pneumoniae, it is often combined with mycoplasma. That’s why our experts propose to cover atypical pathogens in pneumonia, not just one drug alone. If the mycoplasma is missed, the disease may be aggravated, especially in severe pneumonia, so the combination of drugs or individual drugs should be considered to cover mycoplasma.