Retinal perivasculitis (Eales disease), also known as idiopathic retinal vasculitis. The etiology is unknown and there may be an allergy to tuberculin. It occurs mostly in men aged 20 to 40 years. Initially, the disease is often asymptomatic, with a small amount of vitreous blood accumulation and the appearance of floating black shadows in front of the eyes. It is characterized by occlusion of small blood vessels in the periphery of both eyes, recurrent vitreous hemorrhages, and retinal neovascularization. Extensive vascular occlusion can cause retinal ischemia and neovascularization, resulting in vitreous hemorrhage, neovascular membrane and retinal detachment, and loss of vision. Treatment: Early Eales disease can be treated with trial of glucocorticoids and promotion of absorption. In the presence of retinal ischemic areas and neovascularization, laser photocoagulation is available, often requiring multiple sessions. For persistent non-resorbing vitreous hemorrhage (2-3 months) and retinal detachment with traction, vitrectomy and intraocular photocoagulation should be performed.