The difference between Hashimoto’s hyperthyroidism and Graves’ disease mainly includes the etiology, test results and treatment principles. 1. Etiology: Hashimoto’s hyperthyroidism, the exact cause of which is unknown, is related to autoimmunity and has a certain genetic predisposition, while Graves’ disease refers to diffuse toxic goiter, which is an abnormality of thyroid function caused by a combination of genetic factors and environmental factors (e.g., bacterial infections, psychiatric factors, drugs, etc.). 2. Examination results: Generally speaking, patients with Hashimoto’s hyperthyroidism have higher levels of thyroid peroxidase antibody and thyroglobulin antibody than those with Graves’ disease; in thyroid ultrasound, Hashimoto’s hyperthyroidism is usually characterized by uneven echogenicity and roughness of the thyroid tissues, and there may be nodules, while Graves’ disease is characterized by symmetrical and diffuse enlargement of the tissues, and blood flow is more abundant. 3. Treatment principle: Hashimoto’s hyperthyroidism belongs to one of the disease stages of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, hyperthyroidism generally does not require special medication, and those with rapid heartbeat symptoms only need to symptomatic control of ventricular rate; whereas patients with Graves’ disease need to be treated with antithyroid medications, such as methimazole, radioactive iodine therapy, and surgical treatments according to their own conditions. The treatment of both diseases should follow the doctor’s instructions, not arbitrary use of drugs, under the guidance of the doctor to standardize the diagnosis and treatment.