What is chemotherapy?
1. Chemotherapy is the abbreviation of chemotherapy, which is a form of treatment that uses chemical drugs to stop the proliferation of cancer cells and effectively remove them to reduce their chance of spreading and recurrence until they are finally killed.
2.Chemotherapy is one of the common means of treating cancer at present, together with surgery and radiotherapy, they are called the three major treatment means of cancer. Surgery and radiotherapy belong to local treatment, while chemotherapy is a means of systemic treatment.
3. Since chemotherapy drugs are not very selective, while killing cancer cells, they will inevitably damage the normal cells of the body, resulting in adverse drug reactions.
Pre-treatment talk
1.The doctor will formulate a more suitable treatment plan according to the preliminary examination results and each person’s physical condition, and then have a pre-treatment talk to decide whether to start treatment and the treatment plan selection.
2.The conversation will ask whether to perform PICC placement or perform implantable infusion port surgery, and will sign to confirm after obtaining consent.
Advantages of PICC application in chemotherapy.
1, because the catheter can directly enter the superior vena cava, where the blood flow is high, it can rapidly reduce the fluid osmotic pressure or local tissue pain caused by chemotherapy drugs, necrosis, phlebitis, etc.
2, can reduce the pain caused by repeated venipuncture to patients, the operation method is simple and easy, not limited by time and place, can be operated directly in the ward.
3.It can be left in the body for 6 months-1 year, and the living habits of the patients will not be affected after the placement.
4. Patients with early placement will not have venous damage during chemotherapy, ensuring good venous access during chemotherapy and successful completion of chemotherapy.
Introduction of implantable infusion port.
1.Implantable infusion port is a central venous access established by connecting catheters through a subcutaneously implanted port, which is a fully implanted vascular access system providing long-term vascular access and an effective way for tumor patients to receive various treatments.
2. the advantages of implantable infusion port are: easy to use; low risk of infection; not easily noticed by others; reduced number of punctures; long duration of use.
3.Implantable intravenous infusion port does not interfere with engaging in general daily work, household work and easy exercise.
4, need to pay attention to: keep the local skin clean and dry, avoid gravity impact on the infusion port site, maintenance of the intravenous infusion port such as flushing and sealing once every four weeks between treatments, high pressure injection of contrast agent is strictly prohibited to prevent catheter rupture.
1 day after admission
Pre-chemotherapy preparation and cooperation in chemotherapy
Preparation before chemotherapy.
1.Perfect all examinations, such as the determination of blood routine, liver and kidney function, and cardiopulmonary function.
2, pay attention to oral hygiene, develop good oral hygiene habits, and cut nails regularly.
3.Since chemotherapeutic drugs have a large stimulating and corrosive effect on peripheral blood vessels, which can easily cause phlebitis and extravasation, it is recommended that central venous cannulation be performed at the time of initial chemotherapy.
4.Ensure sufficient rest and mental preparation before chemotherapy.
Cooperation in chemotherapy.
1, try to brake during chemotherapy, if the puncture site feels pain or other discomfort, should promptly inform the nurse.
2, eat less and more meals, diversify the diet, if there is vomiting can be eaten in the interval of vomiting.
3.Keep the mouth clean and moist, if oral ulcers have occurred, medication can be used as prescribed by the doctor; if there is a large area of stomatitis and esophagitis, fasting should be temporary.
4, drink more water, the daily intake should be more than 3000ml, urine volume to maintain at least 2000ml.
5, chemotherapy drugs intravenous drip, do not adjust the infusion rate without authorization.
6, pay attention to keep warm to avoid infection.
Chemotherapy drug delivery methods
1, intravenous drug delivery: by infusion, is the chemotherapy drugs directly through the vein drip, systemic chemotherapy, in the clinical most common.
2.Oral administration: such chemotherapy drugs are tablets, capsules, or liquid components. As with other commonly used drugs, the treatment enters the body through swallowing.
3.Injectable administration: injected through needles and syringes into the following sites.
(1) intramuscular injection (injected into the muscle)
(2) subcutaneous injection (injected subcutaneously)
(3) intrathecal injection (injected directly into the tumor).
(4) Transdermal drug delivery: chemotherapeutic drugs are absorbed through the skin surface and enter the body to exert their effects.