Chloramphenicol eye drops are long-used ocular antibiotic drugs and still play an important role in anti-infective treatment in ophthalmology. The main effect is to treat infectious diseases of the ocular surface, such as conjunctivitis, keratitis, corneal ulcers, blepharitis, and acute blepharitis. The principle of the therapeutic effect is to inhibit the synthesis of bacterial proteins, thus killing the bacteria, but there is no killing effect on pathogenic microorganisms such as viruses and fungi. By ordering chloramphenicol eye drops in the eye, the concentration of the drug in the cornea and conjunctival tissue quickly reaches an effective bactericidal concentration, and the anti-infective effect is exerted, which has the advantages of few systemic side effects and good therapeutic effect. However, it should be noted that long-term use of chloramphenicol eye drops may cause side effects such as optic nerve toxicity, liver and kidney function damage, and inhibition of hematopoietic function.