The causes of laryngeal cancer have not been clearly defined yet, but they are related to smoking, drinking, air pollution, occupation, infection and other factors. Laryngeal cancer is a kind of malignant tumor that occurs in the larynx with symptoms such as hoarseness, blood in sputum, sore throat and foreign body sensation. Its specific etiology has not yet been clarified, but it has some links with factors such as smoking, drinking, air pollution, occupation and infection, etc. Among them, smoking can lead to laryngeal mucous membrane edema, congestion and metaplasia, which is one of the important and independent risk factors for squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx. The risk of laryngeal cancer is higher in alcohol drinkers than in non-alcohol drinkers, and the risk of laryngeal cancer is higher in patients who smoke and drink alcohol at the same time. Areas with serious air pollution may have higher incidence of laryngeal cancer due to the presence of sulphur dioxide, chromium and dust in the air. In addition, certain occupations with long-term exposure to chemicals, human papillomavirus infection, micronutrient deficiencies, gastroesophageal reflux, radiation and other factors may also increase the risk of laryngeal cancer to different degrees. It is recommended that patients who have questions about laryngeal cancer should go to ENT, Oncology, Head and Neck Surgery Departments of regular hospitals for detailed consultation.