OVERVIEW
OVERVIEW
Lymphopenia is a disease in which the number of lymphocytes in the peripheral blood is consistently lower than normal. When the total number of lymphocytes is <1.0×109/L in adults (also considered to be <1.5×109/L) and <3.0×109/L in children (under 2 years old), it is called lymphopenia. When the total number of lymphocytes is <0.5×109/L (or 0.7), it is called severe lymphopenia. Lymphopenia may cause immunocompromise, and the thymus-dependent delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction may be weakened, and the patient may be susceptible to secondary viral or protozoal infections.
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Department
Hematology
Clinical symptoms
Wasting, fatigue, diarrhea, skin rash, swollen lymph nodes, etc.
Hazards
Susceptible to secondary viral or protozoan infections, and even immune function decline.
Complications
Infection, etc.
Examination
Physical examination, blood routine, pathogenetic examination
Diagnosis
Diagnosis can be made on the basis of medical history, symptoms of the primary disease and blood tests.
Treatment principle
Removal of the cause of the disease, treatment of the primary disease, symptomatic treatment.
Curability
Curability depends on the primary disease. Active treatment can improve lymphopenia.
Dietary advice
Nutritious and light diet, drink plenty of water.
Etiology
Etiology
The disease is related to congenital factors, medical factors, infection, inflammation and tumor.
Symptoms and Diagnosis
Typical symptoms
Usually related to the manifestations of the primary disease. In mild cases, there are mostly no obvious symptoms, which are usually found in the process of diagnosing other diseases; some patients may have emaciation, fatigue, diarrhea, skin rash, enlarged lymph nodes and other manifestations.
Diagnostic basis
1. patients are born with the disease, or have a history of infection, inflammation, tumor, etc. 2. physical examination reveals skin rashes, enlarged lymph nodes, etc. 3. routine blood tests show a decrease in the absolute value of lymphocytes. 4. pathogenetic examination of some patients reveals the curing microorganisms.
Treatment
Treatment guidelines
Remove the cause of the disease, actively treat the primary disease, and treat the symptoms at the same time.
Other treatments
Often improves after removal of drugs or causative factors, and effective treatment of the underlying disease (e.g., inflammation, infection, and carcinoma) of lymphopenia.
Prognosis
Prognosis depends on the primary disease. Malignant tumors and immunodeficiency diseases often have a poor prognosis.
Nursing care
Daily care
1. The environment is maintained at a suitable greenhouse level with frequent ventilation. Patients are advised to wear breathable, cotton clothes, and should be kept warm if they have chills.2. Rest and activitiesPatients should have sufficient rest, live a regular life, avoid exertion, and take activities to the extent that they do not feel fatigue, and maintain sufficient sleep to prevent aggravation of the disease.3. Psychological careFamily members take the initiative to communicate with patients, promote interaction between patients and family members, and take the initiative to participate in the care of the patient in order to alleviate the feeling of depression within the patient.4. Prevention of infection keep the environment clean and hygienic and the patient’s body clean, prevent the spread of bacteria in the body, do a good job of oral care, perineum and anus care, to prevent a variety of infections.
Diet regulation
Nutritious and light diet, drink more water.