Whether or not to perform a total thyroidectomy for thyroid cancer depends on the size of the patient’s lesion as well as its severity. Unilateral thyroid mini-papillary carcinoma is treated with unilateral thyroid hemisection, and total thyroidectomy is needed for unilateral thyroid mini-papillary carcinoma with infiltration. Thyroid cancer is usually a malignant tumor originating from the follicular epithelium of the thyroid gland, which is usually caused by a genetic mutation resulting in the unlimited proliferation of a single cell, and is associated with a variety of factors such as ionizing radiation, excessive iodine intake, and heredity. Patients with unilateral micropapillary thyroid cancer can be treated with unilateral thyroid hemisection under the guidance of a doctor, usually by preserving the other thyroid gland. For patients with more serious condition, larger lumps and infiltrative phenomenon, total thyroidectomy is needed for treatment, and radiation can be assisted to prevent metastasis of cancer cells after surgery. For patients with thyroid cancer, they must cooperate with doctors for active treatment to stabilize their condition.