Cervicogenic visual impairment in adolescents

Due to the accelerated pace of life and increased pressure from study and work, the incidence of cervical spondylosis in adolescence has been on the rise year by year in recent years. At present, one out of every three cervical spondylosis patients in outpatient clinics is an adolescent. We found through a set of clinical data analysis that the following factors are related to its development: chronic strain injury of the neck: 62.89%, which is the main causative factor of cervical spine pathology in adolescence, such as prolonged operation of computer, often lying down or semi-lying position to watch cell phone games or WeChat, reading books, newspapers, watching TV, long-term work and study with low head, incorrect writing posture, improper pillow height when sleeping, etc.; acute neck Acute neck injury: 22.68%, such as driving or riding in a car due to emergency braking head and neck back whip-like injury, due to incorrect pushing head and neck by pushing trigger injury, in addition to sports, accidental fall, play, car accidents, etc. caused by head and neck sprain and contusion; feel wind and cold: 14.43%, such as summer greedy cool, back of the neck directly by the air conditioning or electric fan and other cold wind stimulation, sleep with the neck and shoulder exposed cold, etc.. The various factors leading to chronic strain injury in the neck of adolescents make the neck in an uncoordinated muscular position for a long time, and the function of the power muscle and antagonist muscle resistance fatigue decreases, leading to the imbalance of the dynamic balance of the cervical spine, further leading to the instability of the cervical spine segments and changes in the physiological curvature, which inevitably leads to anatomical and histological changes, such as triggering osteophytes and thickening of ligaments, etc. Serious proliferation changes will in turn stimulate Serious hyperplastic changes will in turn stimulate the nerves and soft tissues, thus causing a vicious circle to accelerate the pathological changes of cervical spondylosis. Cervical spondylosis in adolescents will seriously affect their work efficiency and quality of life, and should be given high priority. Cervicogenic visual impairment in adolescents refers to a combination of eye symptoms such as blurred vision, decreased vision, eye swelling, eye pain, dry eyes, photophobia and tearing, drooping eyelids, diplopia, strabismus, unequal pupils, nystagmus and even sudden blindness due to cervical spondylosis or soft tissue injury in the neck, and no obvious organic lesions on ophthalmologic examination. The pathogenesis of cervicogenic visual impairment in adolescents: Chinese medicine believes that: the main trunk of the Governor’s Vessel runs through the neck of the spine and enters the brain, and the branch of the Vessel runs through the heart and the two eyes, which is connected with the heart and the eyes; it is connected with the kidney and the brain, which is connected with the kidney and the brain. If the Yang is not invigorated, the warmth is not strong, which easily leads to Qi stagnation and blood stasis, which leads to the coup void over time, and wind, cold and damp evil take advantage of the void to enter, and the strain on the neck leads to blood stagnation and inaccessibility, and the internal and external fight, which paralyzes the Governor’s vein and causes a series of clinical symptoms in the neck and the two eyes. Therefore, the pathogenesis of cervicogenic visual impairment in adolescents is that the kidney is not full of qi, and the meridian qi of the supervisory vein is insufficient for neck strain, stagnation and retention, phlegm and dampness stagnation, wind, cold and dampness invasion, paralysis of the supervisory vein, the meridian qi is not smooth, the qi and blood cannot reach the eyes, and the eyes are not nourished. Although the pathogenesis of cervicogenic visual impairment in adolescents is still unclear, modern medicine has found that cervicogenic visual impairment may be related to the following factors: ① Phytodysfunction: the postganglionic fibers from the cervical sympathetic ganglion branch to the posterior part of the eye, pupillary dilatation muscle, smooth muscle of the upper eyelid, iris, and the branches of the traffic branch are distributed to the dura mater, posterior longitudinal ligament, small cervical articular processes and joint capsule. The cervical spine, intervertebral discs, intervertebral ligaments and other tissues can become less stable due to cumulative strain and degenerative changes, which can stimulate the superior cervical ganglion and sympathetic nerve endings distributed in the vertebral artery, joint capsule, collateral ligament and other tissues, as well as the anterior branch of the spinal membrane in the vertebrae to form pathological irritation, thus causing a series of reflex symptoms. Sympathetic excitatory symptoms such as painful eye swelling, dry eyes, blurred vision, easy fatigue, enlarged eye fissures and dilated pupils may occur; sympathetic inhibitory symptoms such as lacrimation, drooping eyes and faces and reduced pupils may also occur, and visual impairment may occur. (2) Poor vertebrobasilar artery blood supply: The vertebral artery supplies the brainstem and occipital lobe visual centers, and the postganglionic fibers from the cervical sympathetic ganglion are distributed to the eye and carotid plexus, regulating ocular blood circulation and the pupillary dilator muscle and eyelid muscle. Misalignment of the small joints of the cervical spine can involve stimulation and compression of the vertebral artery, resulting in inadequate blood supply to the vertebral artery, which is one of the main causes of damage to the visual center. Damage to the carotid plexus and vertebral arteries can lead to retinal lesions due to impaired blood flow to the fundus. When pathological factors irritate the vertebral artery, it can spasm, narrow the lumen or even occlude it, resulting in inadequate blood supply to the vertebral artery. When the blood flow in the visual projection center of the cerebral cortex is lower than that required in the normal metabolic process of brain tissue in the visual area, it causes central visual impairment such as blurred vision, narrowed visual field and blackout due to hypoxia in the visual pathway and the visual center. Inflammatory stimulation: Due to degenerative changes of the cervical spine, aseptic inflammatory changes are produced in the neck, and the cervical sympathetic nerve and spinal ganglion are stimulated by the infiltration of inflammation, thus producing a reflexive effect on the eye and symptoms, together with factors such as cervical spine osteophytes, disc herniation and soft tissue calcification, which together stimulate the sympathetic nerve endings at the lesion site, thus causing a series of reflex symptoms. Characteristics of cervicogenic visual impairment in adolescents: The causes are mostly incorrect posture or long-term cervical spine strain. Blurred vision and decreased visual acuity are the most common complaints at the beginning, mostly intermittent, and intensify when fatigue, pillow fall, weather changes, and bad mood, with pain in one and both eyes, pain behind the eye, and a pulling back of the eye. Diplopia often comes on suddenly in the morning or after trauma, and ocular symptoms are often associated with changes in head and neck posture. The most common clinical symptoms of cervicogenic visual impairment are blurred vision, decreased visual acuity, visual fatigue, eye distention, dryness, photophobia, tearing, strabismus, diplopia, unequal pupils, nystagmus, reduced visual field, blinking, and in some patients, changes in fundus, intraocular pressure, and refractive error. Treatment of cervicogenic visual impairment in adolescents: The treatment of cervicogenic visual impairment in adolescents is the same as the treatment of cervical spondylosis. In addition to medical intervention, it is important to eliminate the causes of neck strain, that is, to eliminate the causes of cervical spondylosis, for this reason, it is recommended to sleep with a low pillow, posture as correct as possible, avoid lying down to read cell phones, books and TV, and preferably do not play computer games, mobile games and WeChat for a long time. Don’t get cold in the neck, don’t sit on the sofa and watch TV, don’t amble for too long when working and studying, try to put the monitor in the front when using the computer and make an angle of 5-10 degrees with the field of view upward, don’t get cold in the neck, don’t play mahjong and poker, and avoid emergency braking when driving, etc. In terms of treatment, physical therapy, such as physiotherapy, moderate traction, professional massage, etc. are recommended first, and corresponding neck gymnastics should be done when there is no pain and other symptoms in the neck. As the muscle strength attached to the neck is relatively weak, the large rotational movements will have a direct impact on the bone structure of the cervical segment of the spine, which may aggravate the wear and tear of the joint surface and may also cause damage to the cervical discs, resulting in cervical instability. Therefore, caution should be exercised when choosing cervical spine massage treatment. Chiropractic manipulation is based on the meridian theory of traditional Chinese medicine and produces its effect mainly through the manipulation of the Governor’s Vessel and the Chiropractic points. Ling Shu? meridians” chapter day: “the Governor’s vein of the other, the name of the day Changqiang, holding the brawn on the Xiang, scattered head, down when the scapula around, don’t go to the sun, people through the brawn”. Another day: “bladder hazel foot Sun’s vein, from the inner canthus of the eye, on the forehead, cross the top. Its branch, from the top to the ear on the corner. Its straight, from the top of the human brain complex. ……. It also comes out of the lower neck, follows the shoulder and breast, and holds the spine to the middle of the waist. Its branch, from the breast within the left and right, respectively, down through the scapula, holding the spine within the ……”. The Governor Vessel is the “Sea of Yang Vessel” and the “General Supervisor of the Yang”, the three Yang meridians of the hands and feet all meet in the Governor Vessel, which has the function of regulating and invigorating the Yang energy of the person, the Governor Vessel travels in the spine, enters the brain, and has a close connection with the brain and spinal cord, and its branches run through the heart and the two eyes, and the heart and eyes are connected. The connection. The first lateral line of the foot solar bladder meridian is distributed on the dorsal points of the five viscera and six internal organs, which are in direct contact with the essence of the internal organs, and the spinal points are located close to the dorsal points and on the same level. Therefore, the main mechanism of applying the Zhizhi point and treating cervicogenic visual impairment in adolescents from the Duoyuan meridian is: (1) through the connection between the Duoyuan meridian and the meridians to unblock the meridians and harmonize Yin and Yang; (2) through the connection between the Duoyuan meridian and the brain and spinal cord to unblock the meridians and harmonize Yin and Yang; (3) through the connection between the dorsal acupoints of the bladder meridian and the viscera to penetrate the viscera and regulate Qi and blood. Using this method, the yin and yang of the Directing Vessel and the meridians are harmonized, so that the corresponding symptoms of the neck can be relieved and the disease of both eyes can be relieved or cured. From the perspective of modern medicine, the method is based on the anatomy and physiology of the cervical spine and focuses on correcting the biomechanical imbalance in the pathological mechanism of cervicogenic visual impairment in adolescents. The effectiveness of the method is to improve the blood circulation of diseased soft tissues, reduce sterile inflammation, adjust the structural disorder of the cervical spine, restore its normal physiological curvature and its stability, rebuild the mechanical balance between the soft tissues around the neck and the spine, relieve the continuous external force on the vertebral artery due to the neck instability caused by strain, relieve the irritation of the cervical sympathetic nervous system, relieve the factors that pull and twist the vertebral artery, make the blood circulation of the vertebral artery The treatment purpose is to improve the circulation of the occipital lobe visual center, and the symptoms of visual impairment disappear.