Interventional treatment of congenital heart disease is now a very mature technology. Since the whole operation process is relatively simplified, less traumatic, with good therapeutic effect, high safety, quick recovery and no scar, it is now agreed at home and abroad that interventional treatment should be the treatment of choice for the vast majority of patent ductus arteriosus, central septal defect of hole II, pulmonary valve stenosis, as well as some strictly screened perimembranous and muscular ventricular septal defects. So what issues do patients or parents need to pay attention to after interventional therapy? 1, early postoperative puncture vascular problems Interventional treatment of congenital heart disease is usually completed by puncturing the femoral artery and femoral vein at the root of the thigh, and occasionally it is necessary to puncture the jugular vein or the radial artery at the wrist. The routine in our department is to apply pressure bandage to the artery for 8 hours and to the vein for 6 hours after the procedure. The compression is assisted by a moderately weighted sandbag for the first 1 to 4 hours. For the first 24 to 48 hours after the bandage is removed, care should be taken not to move too much to avoid bleeding from the punctured vessel. During this period, the skin temperature, color, and dorsalis pedis artery pulsation of the limb should be observed. If the pressure bandage is too long or the sandbag is too heavy, it may lead to thrombosis of the femoral artery or vein. Arterial thrombosis is manifested by the coolness of the affected limb and the weakening or disappearance of the arterial pulsation. Venous thrombosis is manifested by swelling and darkening of the affected limb. Regardless of the type of thrombosis, early detection and intervention are required. Conversely, if the compression bandage is too short, or if the limb on the punctured side is moved prematurely, there is a risk of rebleeding. Arterial bleeding can form a pulsating mass around the puncture site, which is clinically referred to as a pseudoaneurysm. Venous bleeding and pseudoaneurysms that are not large can be re-pressurized and re-bandaged. If the aneurysm grows progressively and local compression symptoms appear, surgical suturing or interventional closure of the arterial breach is required. This is mainly seen in adults with significant femoral artery sclerosis, larger vascular sheaths or delivery sheaths used in interventional procedures, and the need to continue intensive anticoagulation therapy after surgery. 2. Early postoperative chest tightness and headache discomfort are mainly seen in adults after atrial septal occlusion and are associated with microembolus formation on the blocker and embolization of cerebral arteries, coronary arteries, or possible mechanical traction of the blocker. For those who consider microembolism, electrocardiogram or cardiac monitoring can be done for observation, and brain CT can be done if necessary for those with more severe headache. The headache can be relieved with the addition of heparin or aspirin as appropriate. The discomfort caused by mechanical pulling of the blocker usually disappears a few days after the operation. 3.Early postoperative hematuria Early after individual arterial catheter and ventricular septal defect blocking surgery, patients with greater red blood cell fragility may have hemoglobinuria due to red blood cell destruction, and the color of urine is black. In mild cases, it is sufficient to drink more water appropriately, and usually lasts 24 to 48 hours and disappears on its own. If the degree is heavy and lasts for a long time, targeted disposition is required. 4.Postoperative arrhythmia is mainly seen after atrial septal defect and ventricular septal defect blocking, and can occur both early and late after surgery. Patients may feel irregular heartbeat, panic, slow heartbeat, etc. The arrhythmia after atrial septal block is usually transient, and the rhythm needs to be routinely followed for a long time after ventricular septal defect surgery. 5.Post-operative medication issues After atrial septal defect and ventricular septal defect blocking, small doses of aspirin are routinely taken to prevent thrombosis, the dose is 3-5mg/kg.day for children and 75-100mg/day for adults. Individual patients with headache and hand numbness despite taking aspirin can be switched to stronger antithrombotic drugs, such as clopidogrel, if they are considered to be related to microthrombus formation on the block. For those with obvious heart enlargement before intervention, or even those with reduced cardiac function, they mostly need to continue taking diuretic and vasodilator drugs for 1-3 months after surgery to help the heart recover. 6.Post-operative activities Interventional surgery for atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect and arteriovenous catheterization with blockers placed in the body is recommended not to do strenuous activities for 6 months after surgery, especially for the first 3 months, for safety reasons. 7. Post-operative review is routinely performed at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 1 year after surgery to understand the treatment effect and heart recovery. Echocardiography is required, and electrocardiogram is also done after atrial septal and ventricular septal defect blocking to understand the heart rhythm. Long-term follow-up thereafter is indicated as appropriate.