The severity of the condition of multiple lymph nodes visible in the mediastinum should be determined on a case-by-case basis; if the multiple lymph nodes visible in the mediastinum are small, they are generally not serious. If they are pathologically caused, such as inflammation, tuberculosis, mediastinal malignant tumor or metastatic carcinoma, then they need to be taken seriously and timely medical treatment is required. Multiple lymph nodes in the mediastinum are less than 1cm in diameter, such lymph nodes do not have special clinical significance, just like lymph nodes in other parts of the body, usually no special treatment is needed, and follow-up observation is sufficient. There are various pathological factors, commonly including inflammation, tuberculosis, mediastinal malignant tumor or metastatic cancer. 1. Inflammation: Mostly caused by pneumonia or inflammation in the chest cavity, resulting in multiple lymph nodes in the mediastinum, accompanied by high fever, usually treated with antibiotics, the lymph nodes will gradually disappear and the situation is usually not very serious. 2. Tuberculosis: If the mediastinal lymph nodes are enlarged and accompanied by calcification, it suggests that there is a possibility of tuberculosis infection, then we need to do sputum tuberculosis mycobacteria examination, if the result is positive, we need to carry out anti-tuberculosis treatment, and this case is relatively more serious. 3. Malignant tumor or metastatic cancer of mediastinum: if the tumor leads to multiple lymph nodes in mediastinum, which usually does not accompany with any symptom, it is necessary to go to the hospital for imaging examination and PET-CT examination, so as to determine the location of the primary cancer and to consider whether it is possible to carry out surgery or not, and those who are inoperable need to choose radiotherapy or chemotherapy, which is serious at this time. To sum up, if multiple lymph nodes are found in mediastinum, it is necessary to go to the hospital to determine the possible diseases and whether they are serious or not under the guidance of the doctor by integrating the patient’s past history, clinical manifestations, laboratory and other tests.