Colorectal polyps are bulging lesions on the surface of the intestinal mucosa that rarely cause symptoms, rarely cause bleeding or obstruction, and are not easily detected. Most are discovered during physical examinations or other disease tests. Due to the development of endoscopy, imaging, ultrasound and other technologies, the detection rate of colorectal polyps has also increased compared to the past.
The typical symptoms of colorectal polyps are intermittent blood in the stool or blood on the surface of the stool. Secondary infections can occur in the form of mucus and blood in the stool, and the urgency of the stool can be severe. Common colorectal polyps include inflammatory polyps and adenomatous polyps. Inflammatory polyps are hardly malignant, but adenomatous polyps have a high chance of malignant transformation and are precancerous. According to statistics, 80-95% of colorectal cancers develop from colorectal polyps (adenomatous), and the whole process takes about 5-10 years, the time may vary among individuals, adenomatous polyps are highly cancerous and need to be taken seriously.
Adenomatous polyps are divided into tubular adenomas, villous adenomas, and mixed adenomas. The cancer rate of villous adenoma is the highest, and the cancer rate of tubular adenoma is the lowest. Adenomatous polyps do not go away on their own, and there is no specific medication to treat them, so they have a high chance of becoming cancerous if left untreated. However, some patients do not have regular colonoscopy after removal of colon polyps, and when they have bloody stools again after several years, they already have colorectal cancer. Because the environment has not changed and the genetic factors have not changed after the removal of colon polyps, there is a possibility of recurrence and progression to colon cancer, so even after the removal of colon polyps, we still need to be highly vigilant and review regularly.
The recommendations related to the review after removal of colorectal polyps are as follows: (a) Review colonoscopy once in 3-6 months: 1. Poor preparation of the intestine, which affects the inspection field.
2. Failure to complete the whole colon examination last time for various reasons.
3. Total number of polyps removed at one time exceeds 10.
4. Broad-based polyps larger than 1 cm were resected by fractionation 4. Villi polyps larger than 1 cm with severe anisotropic hyperplasia
5. polyps with localized carcinoma not reaching the submucosa or exceeding the submucosa unwilling to undergo additional surgical resection.
(B) Review colonoscopy within 1 year: For single polyp removal, pathologically proven benign polyps need to be reviewed once a year, no recurrence for 3 consecutive years, indicating that the probability of polyp recurrence is small, can be reviewed once every 3-5 years.
In summary, since colorectal polyps are easy to recur, colonoscopic polyps need to be reviewed regularly after removal, and once polyps are found, they should be removed in time. Avoid the progression to colorectal cancer after recurrence.