Cervical myelopathy implies a relatively large number of problems and must be treated on a case-by-case basis. Cervical myelopathy is a relatively general term that encompasses tumors, vascular disease, infections, trauma, and so on, all of which can cause cervical myelopathy. Therefore, it is important to combine the patient’s medical history, clinical examination, laboratory tests, and imaging studies to determine what it means. However, the cervical medulla should be treated with care because it contains many nerves, which may cause adverse effects if damaged. It is important to carry out appropriate examinations in a timely manner to clarify the cause of the disease, so that better treatment can be carried out. The most common clinical situation is trauma, especially neck trauma caused by bone fracture compression of the cervical cord, resulting in cervical myelopathy. Tumors may also cause compression of the medulla oblongata, which can also be described as cervical myelopathy, so it is important to determine the cause of the disease according to the situation.