Since women are born, we as women go through a colorful life, which is a gradual process from fetal formation to aging. The life of a woman can be divided by age according to her physiological characteristics, but there are no clear boundaries, and there are individual differences due to genetics, environment, nutrition, and other conditions, usually divided into seven stages. The fetal stage is the stage when the female fetus is still in the womb of the pregnant mother. Each normal fetus has 23 pairs of chromosomes, which are composed of 23 chromosomes from the parents, and the sex chromosomes X and Y determine the sex of the fetus. A fetus with XX chromosomes develops as a female. Our ovaries take shape at 8-10 weeks of embryonic life, when the ovaries already contain the original follicles. 2. Neonatal period The 4 weeks after birth is called the neonatal period. Due to the influence of maternal sex hormones, female newborns have a fuller vulva and slightly elevated breasts or a little lactation. After birth, the level of female hormones in the newborn’s blood drops rapidly due to the separation from the maternal environment, and a small amount of vaginal bleeding can occur, which is a normal physiological change. These physiological changes can subside naturally in a short period of time. 3.Childhood Period From birth 4 weeks to about 12 years old, it is called the childhood period. It is usually divided into early childhood and late childhood by the age of 8 years. In early childhood, the follicles do not secrete estrogen, the genitalia are infantile, the vagina is susceptible to infection, the follicles grow and atretize on their own, and there is no ovulation. The process of follicular growth and atresia during this period is not dependent on hormone levels. The uterus, ovaries, and fallopian tubes are located in the abdominal cavity. In late childhood, the ovaries are affected by hormonal changes in the body and slowly develop and secrete sex hormones. The uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries descend into the pelvis, and subcutaneous fat begins to accumulate in the chest, shoulders, hips, and vulva. 4. Puberty The period of growth and development from the appearance of secondary sexual characteristics such as breast development to the gradual development of genitalia and the acquisition of sexual reproductive capacity is called puberty. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines puberty as the period from 10 to 19 years of age, and the physiological characteristics of this period: (1) Accelerated growth: accelerated physical growth, slowing down after the onset of menstruation. (2) Onset of menstruation: An important sign of puberty, often occurring 2.5 years after breast development. Often due to immature central system response mechanisms to hormones, follicles develop but no ovulation and are prone to menstrual irregularities. (3) First sexual characteristics: the development of reproductive organs, the reproductive organs change from infantile type to adult type, the initial ability to reproduce, but the function of the entire reproductive system is still to be perfected. (4) Second sexual characteristics: i.e. breast development, pitch becomes higher, pubic hair and axillary hair appear, transverse pelvic diameter is larger than anterior and posterior diameter, subcutaneous fat accumulation in chest, shoulder and hip, forming female physique. 5, sexual maturity, also known as the fertility period, generally since the age of about 18 years, lasting about 30 years. This period of women’s sexual function, ovarian function and secretion of hormones mature, has established a regular cycle of ovulation. The genital parts and breasts also have different degrees of cyclical changes with the menstrual cycle. 6.Menopausal transition period The period when ovarian function begins to decline until the last menstruation. The length of this period varies from person to person. It can start at the age of 40 and last from 1-2 years to more than 10 years. The ovarian function gradually declines and the follicles cannot mature and ovulate, which can lead to irregular menstruation, hot flashes, sweating, emotional instability, restlessness, depression, irritability, insomnia, etc. 7.Late menopause is the period of life after menopause. During this period, follicles are depleted and no estrogen is secreted. The ovaries secrete androgens, which are converted into estrone in peripheral tissues. After the age of 60, women enter old age and the secretion of androgens by the ovaries decreases, resulting in a decline in the conversion of estrogen in the body, aging changes in the entire body, and atrophy of the genitalia, which makes them susceptible to age-related vaginitis, osteoporosis and fractures.