The tonsils are one of the immune organs of the body and one of the important safety guards of the body. It is said to be an immune organ because there are a large number of lymphoid tissues densely stationed in the tonsils, which can produce a large number of immune antibodies and cytokines to directly or indirectly kill invading bacteria and viruses, which is a very important protective role for the human flag; it is said to be important because it guards the pharynx, the first major channel of contact between the human body and the outside world, where outside gases and food of various origins These exogenous substances contain a large number of bacteria (Streptococcus hemolyticus, Staphylococcus and Pneumococcus, etc.) that may irritate the tonsils or trigger an inflammatory reaction. Under normal conditions, the tonsils are healthy because the epithelium is intact and the mucus glands are constantly secreting, which allows bacteria to be expelled from the crypt with the shed epithelial cells. When the body’s resistance decreases due to excessive fatigue, cold, etc., the epithelial defense function is weakened, and the glandular secretion function is reduced, the tonsils become inflamed by bacterial infection. Once the tonsils become inflamed, in addition to a significant decrease in the local defenses of the pharynx, the tonsils themselves produce a large number of inflammatory mediators (such as white mediator 2, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, r, etc.) that trigger a systemic inflammatory response. The tonsils and kidneys are thousands of miles apart, so why would inflammation of the tonsils cause kidney damage? The kidney is an important functional organ of the body, which has various functions such as balancing water and electrolytes, controlling blood pressure, maintaining bone health, regulating endocrine hormones, and assisting in red blood cell production, in addition to removing waste. All these functions of the kidney are based on its structural integrity. It has been found that several components of the kidney tissue structure are similar to some components of streptococci, and once the body is infected with streptococci the antibodies produced in the body will cross-act on some structures similar to the kidney tissue, forming an immune complex and causing inflammatory damage to the kidney. The medical term for this is acute post-streptococcal nephritis, and the pathology is also known as endothelial thylakoid proliferative nephritis. This type of nephritis usually occurs in school-age children, but is rare in adults and occurs within 1-3 weeks after respiratory or cutaneous streptococcal infection. Clinical manifestations vary from oliguria and swelling to hypertension and sarcohematuria, which are uncommon in children. Another disease that is closely associated with the tonsils and kidneys is IGA nephropathy. This disease occurs in young people, mostly within three days after the onset of tonsillar infection, and is characterized by a triad of sore throat with or without fever, transient hematuria, and severe back pain. Within a week after the fever subsides, the hematuria may disappear on its own. This is also due to the fact that tonsillar infection stimulates the release of a large amount of inflammatory mediators as well as a large amount of immunoglobulin A (IGA). These released inflammatory mediators in the bloodstream can not only stimulate the local inflammatory response in the kidney tissue when they flow through the kidney, but IGA can also stay in the kidney tissue for a long time to cause other chronic inflammatory responses. Because the tonsils are intrinsically linked to the kidneys, patients with chronic kidney disease should remember to prevent acute and chronic tonsillar inflammation. Once an attack occurs, it must be brought under control in the shortest possible time.