Retinoic acid syndrome is the most serious complication that occurs during retinoic acid induction therapy for acute promyelocytic leukemia. Retinoic acid syndrome may manifest as nausea and vomiting, hyperleukinemia, high cranial pressure syndrome, chest tightness, shortness of breath, dyspnea, hypoxemia, pleural fluid, or pericardial effusion, and once present, volume overload and respiratory status should be closely monitored. If not recognized and treated in time, the patient may have a life-threatening condition. The most effective way to prevent the overgrowth of white blood cell count in retinoic acid syndrome is to follow the doctor’s prescription of chemotherapy or take hydroxyurea drugs and injections of dexamethasone or glucocorticoids for treatment, the use of medication should be carried out under the guidance of the doctor, do not take medication without authorization, so as not to exacerbate the condition.