Rectal impression cell carcinoma is a kind of rectal malignant tumor with high degree of malignancy, early symptoms are not obvious but tumor cells are highly invasive, easy to metastasize, and poor prognosis. Rectal impression cell carcinoma refers to malignant tumors that occur in the rectum with the pathological type of impression cell carcinoma. Indendymal cell carcinoma is a pathologic type that is separated from mucinous adenocarcinoma. Its cytoplasm is filled with mucus, the nucleus is biased to one side, and the cells show the shape of imprinted ring. Typical metastases are peritoneal dissemination and abdominal implantation metastases, and the prognosis is very poor. There are no typical symptoms in early stage of rectal cancer, mostly manifested as change of bowel habit or small amount of blood in stool, which is easy to be missed and not easy to be taken seriously by patients, and due to the strong invasiveness of tumor cells, which manifests diffuse infiltration and growth, and is easy to invade surrounding tissues, veins and lymphatic vessels to cause dissemination of tumors, therefore, early diagnosis and treatment are often missed, which results in poor prognosis. The prognosis of rectal impression cell carcinoma mainly depends on the stage of the tumor, whether it is combined with intestinal obstruction before surgery, and the choice of surgical methods (laparoscopic, open, palliative or radical), therefore, once diagnosed, it should be treated as early as possible, so as to avoid the progression of the disease, which will affect the prognosis.