A positive TSPOT result indicates the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, which is an auxiliary method for the diagnosis of tuberculosis and is mainly obtained through blood sampling. Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection is not equal to active tuberculosis, and most of the infected patients are still in the latent stage. The diagnosis of active tuberculosis must be made by a combination of pathogenic examination, epidemiological history, symptoms and signs, imaging, etc. For non-blood specimens such as peripheral pleural fluid, ascites, cerebrospinal fluid, and pericardial fluid, a positive TSPOT indicates a higher likelihood of active TB. The risk of active TB is even higher in patients with high spot counts or in those with significantly elevated recent spot counts.