The knee joint is the most complex and weight-bearing joint in the human body, and the only driving joint, just like the most wearable spindle in a car. Therefore, of all the joints in the human body, the knee joint is the most prone to degeneration, and the medical term for the disease that results from degeneration of the knee joint is osteoarthritis of the knee. Osteoarthritis of the knee is a common bone and joint disease in the middle-aged and elderly, mostly in women over the age of 50, especially in women who work long hours and are obese. After menopause at the age of 50, women tend to have osteoporosis, and if they are overweight, the weight on the knee joint increases and wear and tear accelerates, making them susceptible to osteoarthritis of the knee. The main cause of knee osteoarthritis is injury to the knee joint, including acute injury, such as intra-articular fracture and dislocation; chronic injury such as overloading of the knee joint. The most common symptom of osteoarthritis of the knee is knee pain and stiffness. The obvious feature is that the pain and stiffness are relieved after activity, while the pain is more severe when the activity is first started, which is medically known as open step pain; after resting, the knee joint may feel stiff and inflexible, and it is difficult to change position. Other patients often complain of pain in the knee at night when they sleep, which is known as rest pain; some patients may have swelling of the knee joint and restricted movement. For patients with symptoms of osteoarthritis of the knee, the most effective diagnosis is to take X-rays. X-rays are like taking pictures in our daily life, the difference is that the picture taken is the appearance of the person, while the X-rays show the bones within the muscles. In the late stage, there is severe narrowing of the knee joint space and a large number of bone spurs. Externally, inversion of the knee is mostly visible. Osteoarthritis of the knee is not terrible, as long as attention is paid to regular treatment, it can completely achieve the effect of reducing pain, improving function and improving quality of life. In the early stage, we can apply topical blood circulation, swelling and pain relieving medications, and we can also use iontophoresis with Chinese medicine to directly reach the lesion through the inhalation of local medications. For those with severe swelling and pain, bed rest, appropriate activities, external application of blood-activating Chinese medicine, together with the application of anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs with little stimulation to the gastrointestinal tract, such as Fotarin, Relifen, Wanluo, etc., can play a role in reducing pain and protecting the joint. Local or joint cavity closure treatment can also be used, but hormones should be used sparingly to avoid aggravating cartilage damage. For those whose joint space changes are not obvious and whose osteophytes are not very obvious, they can be treated by injecting cartilage protector into the joint cavity. This method is like lubricating oil for the machine, which can nourish the cartilage, delay the destruction of cartilage, and receive the purpose of improving function and reducing pain. If the cartilage exfoliates and the bone spur falls off, it becomes bigger and bigger like a snowball in the knee joint, forming a joint free body, just like a “mouse” in the joint, moving around, causing severe pain in the knee joint stuck in a certain part, forming a joint interlock, if the joint gap is intact, joint cleaning is feasible to open the joint and remove the free body. If the joint gap is intact, joint debridement can be performed to open the joint, remove the free body and repair the joint surface. The Department of Orthopedics now uses arthroscopic treatment, which is less traumatic and quicker to recover, and has achieved good clinical results. For those who have changed the force line of the lower limb but the joint space is still acceptable, osteotomy of the lower femur or upper tibia is feasible to correct the force line. However, this procedure has the disadvantage of long recovery time and great injury. For severe osteophytes, unequal width of the knee gap, and severe “O” or “X” shaped legs, the most ideal solution is to use an artificial knee surface replacement, which removes the necrotic and exfoliated cartilage spurs and places a layer of titanium alloy and polymer material on the knee, just like dental implants. This can correct the deformity of the knee joint and eliminate the pain. The Department of Orthopedics has carried out this technique in more than 50 cases and has achieved excellent results and accumulated rich experience. Since osteoarthritis of the knee joint is a degenerative disease, reasonable exercise will have a delaying effect on its degeneration. Now many middle-aged and elderly people recognize the importance of exercise, but few people master the correct exercise method, they think that the joint as long as the activity is exercise, not knowing that some exercise, such as excessive repeated squatting, horse stance crotch squatting type of activity, will be secondary to traumatic osteoarthritis, so that repeated swelling of the knee joint, synovial thickening, will aggravate the degeneration of the knee joint, so that the condition is aggravated, knee internal and external rotation and other further development, walking more It is difficult to walk, which seriously affects the quality of life. Therefore, middle-aged and elderly people should master the correct exercise method, avoid weight-bearing, gradual and not excessive. You can do non-weight-bearing activities in bed, such as muscle contraction and relaxation, straight leg raise test, remove the chain of bicycle, empty pedal bicycle exercise, to ensure that the knee joint can maintain a certain degree of mobility, prevent muscle atrophy, to control the development of the disease. When you go out, you can ride a tricycle to move the knee joint and avoid weight-bearing. For middle-aged and elderly people who already have osteoarthritis of the knee, the above treatment and exercise methods are necessary to “cure the disease and prevent the change”. So, what can be done to prevent this disease in middle-aged and older people who do not suffer from it? Take care of your knee joints in daily life and reduce the weight on your knee joints. Try to live on a low floor, reduce the number of times you go up and down the stairs, hold the stair handles when going up and down the stairs, and prohibit carrying heavy objects up and down the stairs. It is recommended to use a walking stick when walking. Keep your knee warm and wear a knee brace. If you are overweight, you should pay attention to weight loss.