Osteoarthritis is a generalized, multifocal, cartilage necrosis disease that occurs during bone development and causes bone and joint damage that lasts for life. It is often characterized by enlarged bone ends, impaired joint mobility, joint rubbing sounds, joint free bodies, and skeletal muscle atrophy, with enlarged bone ends being the most typical. Bone end enlargement caused by osteoarthritis can be initially diagnosed according to its manifestations, and if the symptoms are not obvious, upper limb examination and lower limb examination can be carried out to assist in confirming the diagnosis. The clinical examination of enlarged bone ends caused by osteoarthritis is as follows: 1. Preparation before examination 1. The examining doctor should make a habit of examining in order so as not to miss. 2. 2. Fully expose the part to be examined. In winter, the patient should enter the room from outdoor for 10-15min before doing the examination. 3.During the examination, the doctor should demonstrate to the patient and point out the main points. Upper limb examination 1, finger end-joint droop: the examinee’s hands are straight, parallel to the line of sight of the examiner, check whether the end-joints of the 2nd, 3rd and 4th fingers are bent to the palmar side, and pay attention to the dorsal side of the end-joints of the Heberden’s nodes. 2, joint thickening: normal people fingers straight, together, no gap between the fingers, joint thickening, the fingers are not together, between the fingers out of the gap, thickened parts of the bone hard to touch, the typical thickening was abacus-like. 3, short finger deformity: normal people with five fingers together, fingers facing the sky, the height of the fingers in the order of the middle finger, ring finger, index finger, little finger, thumb, and the order of change or the middle finger length / palm transverse meridian is less than 1, showing short finger deformity. 4. Palm test: Normal people put their palms together and then lift the elbow, which can make the two forearms put at the same level. When the wrist joint is involved, the palms are separated when the two forearms are placed at the same level. Dorsal Palm Test: Normal people put both hands back together, which can make both forearms at the same level. When the wrist joint is involved, the two forearms cannot be placed at the same level. 6, forearm rotation forward and backward test: normal people with two upper limbs bent at 90°, upper arm close to the chest arm, fingers straight, thumb toward the sky, then palm rotation forward or backward, palm surface can be parallel to the horizon. When the flexor head or ulnar head is involved, the palm of the hand is rotated forward or backward, and the palm of the hand makes an angle with the horizon. Third, the lower limb examination 1, squatting examination: normal people make stool posture, can be completely squatting; hip, knee, ankle any joint flexion movement disorder, can not be completely squatting; or can be completely squatting, but need to heel off the ground. 2, semi-squatting leg lift test: normal half-flexion of the knee, left and right leg exchange, can stand on one leg; knee joint involvement, can not stand on one leg. 3, gastrocnemius muscle tone: normal people upright, touch the gastrocnemius muscle, plump and tension; muscle atrophy, not plump, flaccid. 4, toe inspection: normal people toes together without gap, five toes length sequence is stepped or the second toe slightly longer; toe joint thickening, toes together or gap, toes become shorter, five toes length sequence change.