1.Thyroid adenoma removal: It is used for isolated thyroid adenomas, where the adenoma is removed without including the thyroid tissue. 2.Thyroid lobectomy: It is used for benign tumors in the lateral lobe of the thyroid gland. For example, thyroid adenoma can be removed along with the tumor and part of the glandular tissue of the same lobe. 3. Total lobectomy of one side of the thyroid gland: Commonly used when multiple thyroid adenomas are confined to one lobe. 4. Partial thyroidectomy (also called subtotal thyroidectomy): Mostly used to treat hyperthyroidism, including nodular hyperthyroidism, multiple thyroid adenomas, and simple goiter. It is used to relieve symptoms of pressure such as difficulty in breathing and swallowing. In patients with severe proptosis, subtotal thyroidectomy may aggravate the degree of proptosis and should be performed with caution. For patients with hyperthyroidism who are more than six months pregnant, most of the thyroid gland should be removed after delivery. 5. Total thyroidectomy: If the pathological examination by frozen section confirms that the thyroid adenoma is multiple, involving both lobes and the isthmus, total thyroidectomy is recommended, but the isthmus should be preserved if it is normal. 6. Radical thyroidectomy: One lobe of the thyroid gland (including the isthmus) is removed and the ipsilateral cervical lymph node is removed at the same time. Radical lymph node dissection or total thyroidectomy is performed on both sides of the neck in one or both stages, but the internal jugular vein and the laryngeal nerve on one side should be preserved. If lymph node cancer in the neck is found to originate from the thyroid gland, radical thyroidectomy should be performed even though the thyroid symptoms and lesions are not obvious.