I. Definition Diabetic PeripheralNeuropathies (DPN): refers to the symptoms and/or signs associated with peripheral nerve dysfunction in patients with diabetes mellitus when other causes are excluded. II. Overview of DPN Progressive, insidious process; pathological changes are not consistent with the severity of symptoms. DPC harms increase the risk of foot injury, affect the quality of life of patients (abnormal sensation or painful neuropathy). Prevalence of DPN An analysis of 24,496 DM patients by the Chinese Medical Association Diabetic Branch from January 1991 to December 2000 found that neuropathy accounted for the occurrence of clinically significant diabetic peripheral neuropathy within 10 years of DM diagnosis, and its prevalence was correlated with the course of the disease; neurological function tests found that 60%-90% of patients had varying degrees of neuropathy, of which some patients were The prevalence of neuropathy is higher in patients who smoke, are older than 40 years, and have poor glycemic control. The most common type of diabetic peripheral neuropathy is distal symmetric polyneuropathy; focal mononeuropathy: or mononeuropathy, which can involve a single cranial nerve and spinal nerve; asymmetric multiple focal neuropathy: a neuropathy that involves multiple single nerves at the same time is called multifocal mononeuropathy (or asymmetric polyneuropathy); multiple nerve root Autonomic neuropathy: Diabetic autonomic neuropathy (DAN) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus and can involve the cardiovascular, digestive, respiratory, genitourinary and other systems; acute sensory neuropathy: rare. The etiology and pathogenesis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy is mainly due to oxidative stress caused by metabolic disorders, vascular ischemia and hypoxia, nerve growth factor (NGF) deficiency, etc.; autoimmune factors, vitamin deficiency, genetic and environmental factors may also be related.