The traditional concept of “nerve block” is often thought of as a technique, or nerve block. Nerve block is narrowly defined as a technique based on local anesthesia. The term “nerve block” is based on basic medical research and clinical practice, thus giving a new meaning and role to nerve block. A nerve block in the broadest sense is defined as a technique that uses chemical or physical methods to temporarily or permanently block the conduction of nerve nodes, roots, plexuses, trunks and peripheral terminals. Due to the different methods and concentrations of the drugs used in the clinical application of this technique, the blocked nerve can be temporarily or permanently blocked. It can be divided into nerve block anesthesia and nerve block therapy because of the different methods, concentrations, doses, types and locations of nerves blocked, and the different purposes and effects.