The new anticoagulants currently available and in clinical use in China are: 1) drugs that directly inhibit coagulation factor Χa, such as apixaban, rivaroxaban, edoxaban. 2) direct inhibitors of IIa, such as dabigatran etexilate . These newer anticoagulants have higher patient compliance and a relatively lower risk of cerebral hemorrhage compared to warfarin, and do not require regular monitoring of coagulation function while taking the drug. Clinically, dabigatranate is mainly used in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation who cannot revert to sinus rhythm and in the long-term treatment of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis, while rivaroxaban is mainly used for the prevention and treatment of thrombosis after femoral head replacement. However, it should be noted that the new anticoagulants are not preferred for patients with atrial fibrillation caused by valve disease, and that the new anticoagulants are expensive and need to be considered in the clinical application according to the patient’s family income and specific treatment situation.