The esophagus is an important part of the human digestive system and is one of the organs that transmits and transports food. Most patients with esophageal cancer and pancreatic cancer have to undergo total or partial resection of esophagus and stomach for the purpose of radical treatment, and then use the stomach or intestinal tube as a substitute for transplantation to reconstruct the digestive tract. The whole operation is very traumatic and often causes digestive disorders. Therefore, it is very important for esophageal and cardia cancer patients to “eat well” after surgery. After surgery, when you start to eat, the doctor will order you to try to drink water first, if there is no special, you can eat liquid, after 1-2 days of eating liquid, you can eat semi-liquid, 2 weeks after surgery, you can eat rotten rice, 3 weeks later, you can eat general food such as rice, steamed bread, bread and so on. When eating, you should not eat too long fiber and too large pieces of meat, but chew slowly to avoid jamming the “interface” and causing food obstruction. If you feel that the obstruction is obvious, you should go back to the hospital as soon as possible for review and corresponding treatment. Four stages of diet after esophageal cancer surgery 1.nasal feeding stage 1-5 days after surgery, the patient is just in the traumatic period of surgery, the anastomosis has not yet healed, the gastrointestinal function has not yet recovered well, and the digestive function is poor. During this period, only nasal feeding can be taken. It is a very thin and specially designed nutrition tube placed through the nose directly to the jejunum to deliver nutrition. During the nasal feeding phase, the patient can be fed with mixed milk, vegetable juice, rice soup and fruit juice, etc. The amount of infusion can be divided into 2 to 3 drips from 500 ml on the first day, and then increased to 1500 to 2000 ml every day according to the patient’s tolerance. The temperature at the time of dripping should be similar to the body temperature. The nasal nutrition solution is required to contain protein, fat, carbohydrates, vitamins, salt and water in appropriate proportions as far as possible. 2. The fluid phase refers to 5 to 10 days after surgery. During this period, the patient has basically passed the surgery trauma period, and the gastrointestinal function starts to recover gradually, which is manifested as having appetite and anal exhaust (commonly known as farting). A small amount of plain water (3 to 5 tablespoons) can be given at first, gradually increasing to 30 to 50 ml. If there is no obvious discomfort, rice soup, egg soup, fresh milk, fish soup and various types of poultry simmered soup can be given, 100 to 200 ml each time, 5 to 7 meals per day. 3. The semi-fluid diet phase starts from the second week after surgery. During this period, all kinds of drains left in patients after surgery have been removed, and intravenous fluid infusion has been gradually stopped, except for some elderly or super-elderly patients who cannot get out of bed, most of them can walk and move around, and the amount of food gradually increases. However, during this period, only small meals can be eaten, mainly easy-to-digest non-slag food (such as thin rice, noodles, egg custard and tofu, etc.), especially some patients who had a large amount of food before surgery should not eat a lot, so as not to cause gastrointestinal complications or anastomotic fistula. 4, normal diet phase This phase generally starts from the fourth week after surgery. During this time, most patients have been discharged from the hospital to rest at home and are cared for by their own relatives. At this time, the diet can be expanded as much as possible (except for fried and sweet foods), and all foods except those that the physician specifically emphasized as inedible upon discharge can be eaten, and the patient can be instructed to do some appropriate physical activities to facilitate digestion and absorption. During this period, a few patients may have symptoms such as epigastric fullness, acid vomiting and abdominal leakage, etc. They can take morpholine 20 mg (2 tablets) 3 times a day and compound phenelpodine 2 tablets 3 times a day. If the symptoms are not relieved after medication, the patient can go to hospital for consultation and treatment. Dietary principles after esophageal cancer surgery 1. The amount of food eaten per meal is reduced compared with that before surgery, and patients often feel full after eating a small amount of food, so they should eat less and more meals, 4-5 meals per day, and walk more after eating to enhance intestinal peristalsis. 2, surgery to destroy the nerves of the stomach, there are some patients do not feel hungry after surgery, so it is necessary to eat regularly and quantitatively, or not to eat on time, often cause patients after discharge from the hospital nutritional deficiencies. 3.Gastric contents are easy to reflux, so it is necessary to sleep with shoulder and back pads and keep the upper body at a certain angle, and not to eat two hours before going to bed, in case gastric contents reflux into the mouth and then into the trachea and lungs, which will cause life threatening. After esophageal cancer surgery, the diet should be mainly liquid or semi-liquid. Avoid any irritating food intake to prevent anastomotic infection and damage. After the doctor’s permission, common food should be taken in. The diet should be highly nutritious, and on the basis of usual taste habits, Coix congee, glutinous rice congee, fresh fruits and vegetables, milk, fresh meat and fresh eggs, etc. If the appetite is poor, fresh mountain plant, pomegranate, umeboshi, etc. can be used to regulate the taste and promote appetite, and orange peel, chicken, ginger and rock sugar can also be used to make soup for consumption.