The basic structural and functional unit of the kidney is the renal unit, the working principle of which can be roughly summarized as glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, and endocrine function of the kidney.
The renal unit is the most basic structural and functional unit of the kidney. There are about one million renal units in each kidney, including mainly renal glomeruli and renal tubules.
The glomerulus is the main component of the renal corpuscle, including the glomerular capillary plexus and the Baumann’s capsule. After the kidney receives blood perfusion, the blood passes through glomerular filtration, which filters out small molecular substances (water, uric acid, inorganic salts, etc.) from the blood to form primary urine. Some large molecules such as proteins are not filtered out.
The glomerulus filters out roughly 180L of primary urine per day, which then undergoes tubular reabsorption to reabsorb water, glucose, amino acids, and other substances in the primary urine, leaving behind uric acid, inorganic salts, and so on, to form the final urine.
Kidney itself also has important endocrine function, can participate in the synthesis of renin, erythropoietin, prostaglandins, etc., involved in the regulation of the body’s metabolic activities.
Kidney is an important organ of the human body, which can participate in the excretion of metabolites, regulate the balance of water and electrolytes, and have endocrine function, etc..
If you have kidney disease, it is recommended that you consult a doctor at a regular hospital in time and follow the doctor’s instructions for standardized treatment.