Taking levothyroxine after nodular goiter surgery is usually required for life, and it is recommended that the medication be taken under a doctor’s supervision. If the patient’s surgery is total thyroidectomy, especially bilateral total thyroidectomy, it will result in permanent loss of thyroid function, and will require lifelong thyroxine replacement therapy at a dose that achieves normal thyroid function. If the surgical procedure is subtotal thyroidectomy and hypothyroidism develops after surgery, lifelong thyroxine-based medication may also be needed to inhibit recurrence of the nodules. After goiter surgery, patients should have regular rechecks of thyroid ultrasound as well as thyroid function. In daily life, patients should pay attention to maintaining a good lifestyle, regular work and rest, a balanced diet, and emotional stability. During the medication period, patients are advised to have regular checkups and seek medical advice if any discomfort occurs.