Epiglottitis often has an acute onset and can cause systemic and local symptoms, and should be actively treated with anti-infective and decongestive therapy, and tracheotomy if necessary. Acute epiglottitis, also known as acute supraglottic laryngitis, can be caused by bacterial and viral infections, local metabolic reactions, as well as foreign bodies, trauma, accidental swallowing of chemical substances and other causes. At the onset of the disease, systemic symptoms include cold, fever, pallor, depression, etc. Local symptoms include severe sore throat that worsens when swallowing, muffled speech, and dyspnea and even asphyxia if the epiglottis is highly swollen. Examination of the epiglottis can be seen congestion, swelling, if there is abscess formation, the mucosal surface can be seen yellow-white pus spots. For the treatment of acute epiglottitis, timely anti-infection and swelling reduction, systemic application of antibiotics and glucocorticosteroids; inflammation caused by allergic reactions, active anti-allergy treatment; for obvious dyspnea, nutritional antibiotics and glucocorticosteroids after the symptomatic failure to improve the tracheotomy; epiglottic abscess formation, laryngoscopic incision and drainage of pus. After the diagnosis of epiglottitis is confirmed, the patient should go to the hospital specialist in time, closely observe the systemic condition, and follow the doctor’s instructions to standardize the use of medication and treatment.